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Oxford Encyclopedia of the Muslim World

the lives and spiritual status of Shii Imams

Assigning the most learned person as leader is an absolute duty to the Messenger of God

which are based on the Qur’anic verses

Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī: A Fourth/Tenth Century Shīʿī Commentary on the Qurʾan (Volume 1) Kafi who takes them back inTafsr al Ayysh is a fourth tenth century commentary of the Quran by the Sh Imm exegete Ab al Nar Muammad b. Masd al Ayysh (d. 320 932). Composed during the period of the Twelfth Imam's minor occultation (al ghaybat al ughr) it counts as one of the earliest surviving commentaries from the early phase of Imm Shism. Comprising several thousand traditions gathered from the Prophet Muammad and his household (ahl al bayt) al Ayysh's tafsr provides an